Silicone organic elastomer gels from organopolysiloxane resins

ABSTRACT

Gel compositions are disclosed comprising a silicone elastomer from the reaction of an SiH containing organopolysiloxane resin and an organic compound having at least two aliphatic unsaturated groups in its molecule.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This is a divisional application of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/680,212filed Mar. 26, 2010, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,222,363, which was aU.S. national stage filing under 35 U.S.C. §371 of PCT Application No.PCT/US08/77167 filed on Sep. 22, 2008, which claimed the benefit of U.S.Provisional Patent Application No. 60/975,365 filed Sep. 26, 2007 under35 U.S.C. §119 (e). PCT Application No. PCT/US08/77167, U.S. applicationSer. No. 12/680,212, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.60/975,365 are hereby incorporated by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This disclosure relates to gel compositions comprising a siliconeelastomer from the reaction of an SiH containing organopolysiloxaneresin and an organic compound having at least two aliphatic unsaturatedgroups in its molecule.

BACKGROUND

Silicone elastomer gels have been used extensively to enhance theaesthetics of personal care formulations by providing a unique sensoryprofile upon application. Most silicone elastomer gels are obtained by acrosslinking hydrosilylation reaction of an SiH polysiloxane withanother polysiloxane containing an unsaturated hydrocarbon substituent,such as a vinyl functional polysiloxane, or by crosslinking an SiHpolysiloxane with a hydrocarbon diene. The silicone elastomers may beformed in the presence of a carrier fluid, such as a volatile silicone,resulting in a gelled composition. Alternatively, the silicone elastomermay be formed at higher solids content, subsequently sheared and admixedwith a carrier fluid to also create gels or paste like compositions.Representative examples of such silicone elastomers are taught in U.S.Pat. No. 5,880,210, and U.S. Pat. No. 5,760,116.

While silicone elastomers have provided significant advances forimproving personal care formulation, they possess several shortcomingsthat have limited their use. For example, silicone elastomers havingmostly dimethyl siloxane content are less effective for gelling organicbased solvents and carrier fluids. Silicone elastomer gel compositionshaving high dimethyl siloxane also have limited compatibility with manypersonal care ingredients. For example, the widely used sunscreen agent,octyl methoxycinnamate, has limited solubility in many of these siliconeelastomer gels. Another problem is the reduction of viscosity of thesilicone elastomer gel in the presence of such incompatible components.Thus, there is a need to identify silicone elastomers that can gelorganic solvents. Furthermore, there is a need to identify siliconeelastomer gels having improved compatibilities with many personal careingredients, while maintaining the aesthetics associated with siliconeorganic elastomer gels. To this end, there have been many attempts toimprove compatibilities of silicone elastomers with various personalcare ingredients wherein alkyls, polyether, amines or otherorganofunctional groups have been grafted onto the silicone organicelastomer backbone. Representative of such organofunctional siliconeelastomers are taught in U.S. Pat. No. 5,811,487, U.S. Pat. No.5,880,210, U.S. Pat. No. 6,200,581, U.S. Pat. No. 5,236,986, U.S. Pat.No. 6,331,604, U.S. Pat. No. 6,262,170, U.S. Pat. No. 6,531,540, andU.S. Pat. No. 6,365,670.

However, there is still a need to improve the compatibility of siliconeelastomer based gels, and in particular, with organic based volatilefluids and personal care ingredients. Such improved compatibility shouldnot sacrifice sensory aesthetic profiles. Furthermore, the gelling orthickening efficiency of the silicone elastomer in a carrier fluidshould be maintained or improved.

The present inventors have discovered silicone organic elastomers basedon certain organopolysiloxane resins that provide gelled compositions ofcarrier fluids efficiently. The resulting gelled compositions alsopossess additional benefits, such as improved compatibilities with manycommon personal care ingredients, while maintaining sensory aesthetics.

SUMMARY

This disclosure relates to a gel composition comprising a siliconeelastomer from the reaction of:

-   -   A) an SiH containing organopolysiloxane resin,    -   B) an organic compound having at least two aliphatic unsaturated        groups and in its molecule, and    -   C) a hydrosilylation catalyst,        and;    -   D) an optional carrier fluid,    -   E) an optional personal or healthcare active,        wherein the gel composition has a hardness of at least 0.03        Newton force.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

A) The SiH Containing Organopolysiloxane Resin

Component (A) in the present invention is an organopolysiloxane resinhaving at least one SiH unit in its molecule. Organopolysiloxanescontain any number of (R₃SiO_(1/2)), (R₂SiO_(2/2)), (RSiO_(3/2)), or(SiO_(4/2)) siloxy units. The formula for an organopolysiloxane may bedesignated by the average of the siloxy units in the organopolysiloxaneas follows; R_(n)SiO_((4-n)/2), where the R is independently any organicgroup, alternatively a hydrocarbon, or alternatively an alkyl group, oralternatively methyl. The value of n in the average formula may be usedto characterize the organopolysiloxane. For example, an average value ofn=1 would indicate a predominate concentration of the (RSiO_(3/2))siloxy unit in the organopolysiloxane, while n=2 would indicate apredominance of (R₂SiO_(2/2)) siloxy units. As used herein,“organopolysiloxane resin” refers to those organopolysiloxanes having avalue of n less than 1.8 in the average formula R_(n)SiO_((4-n)/2),indicating a resin. When R is methyl in the siloxy unit formulas of anorganopolysiloxane, the respective siloxy units are often designated asM, D, T or Q siloxy units. The organopolysiloxane useful as component A)in the present disclosure contain at least one SiH siloxy unit, that is,there is at least one (R₂HSiO_(0.5)), (RHSiO), or a (HSiO_(1.5)) siloxyunit present in the molecule. These siloxy units can be represented asM^(H), D^(H), and T^(H) siloxy units respectively when R is methyl. TheSiH containing organopolysiloxane may be selected from any SiHcontaining organopolysiloxane resins considered to be a silsesquioxaneresin or a “MQ” resin.

In one embodiment, the SiH containing organopolysiloxane resin comprisesthe formula;(R₂HSiO_(1/2))_(a)(R₃SiO_(1/2))_(b)(R₂SiO_(2/2))_(c)(R′SiO_(3/2))_(d)(SiO_(4/2))_(e)

where

-   -   a is greater than 0    -   b is from 0 to 0.8    -   c is from 0 to 0.4    -   d is from 0 to 0.95    -   e is from 0 to 0.9, alternatively 0 to 0.95        -   with the provisos that at least d or e is greater than zero,            -   and sum of a, b, c, d, and e is at least 0.9,    -   R is an organic group as defined above, typically R is methyl.    -   R′ is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms.

R′ can be a linear or branched alkyl such as ethyl, propyl, butyl,pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, or octyl group. R′ can also be an aryl oralkylaryl such as phenyl, alkylphenyl group. Typically, R′ is propyl.

In the(R₂HSiO_(1/2))_(a)(R₃SiO_(1/2))_(b)(R₂SiO_(2/2))_(c)(R′SiO_(3/2))_(d)(SiO_(4/2))_(e)formula above, and subsequent use below, the subscripts a, b, c, d, ande represents the mole fraction of each siloxy unit designated. The sumof a, b, c, d, and e is at least 0.9, and d and e is greater than 0.Thus, the SiH containing organohydrogensiloxane resin may containadditional siloxy units, such as silanol and or alkoxy functional siloxyunits.

In a further embodiment, the SiH containing organopolysiloxane resin isan SiH containing silsesquioxane resin comprising the formula(Me₂HSiO_(1/2))_(a)(Me₂SiO_(2/2))_(c)(R′SiO_(3/2))_(d)

where

-   -   a is greater than 0    -   c is from 0 to 0.4    -   d is from 0 to 0.9    -   with the proviso that sum of a, c, d, and e is at least 0.9,        -   and d is greater than zero    -   R′ is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms,        as discussed above, and Me is methyl.

In yet a further embodiment, the SiH containing organopolysiloxane resinis an SiH containing MQ resin comprising the formula(Me₂HSiO_(1/2))_(a)(Me₃SiO_(1/2))_(b)(SiO_(4/2))_(e)

where

-   -   a is greater than 0    -   b is from 0 to 0.8    -   e is from 0 to 0.9, alternatively 0 to 0.95        -   with the proviso that the sum of a, b, and e is at least            0.9,        -   and e is greater than 0,    -   Me is methyl.

Methods for preparing the SiH containing organopolysiloxane resin usefulas component A are known, such as those described in WO 2005/100444,which is hereby incorporated by reference.

(B) The Organic Compound Having at Least Two Aliphatic UnsaturatedHydrocarbon Groups in its Molecule

Component (B) is an organic compound, or any mixture of compounds,containing at least two aliphatic unsaturated groups in its molecule.The compound may be any diene, diyne or ene-yne compound. Diene, diyneor ene-yne compounds are those compounds (including polymeric compounds)wherein there are at least two aliphatic unsaturated groups with someseparation between the groups within the molecule. Typically, theunsaturation groups are at the termini of the compound, or pendant ifpart of a polymeric compound. Compounds containing terminal or pendantunsaturated groups can be represented by the formula R²—Y—R² where R² isa monovalent unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing 2 to 12carbon atoms, and Y is a divalent organic or siloxane group or acombination of these. Typically R² is CH₂═CH—, CH₂═CHCH₂—,CH₂═C(CH₃)CH₂— or CH≡C—, and similar substituted unsaturated groups suchas H₂C═C(CH₃)—, and HC≡C(CH₃)—.

The compound having the formula R²—Y—R² as component B) may beconsidered as being a “organic”, “hydrocarbon”, “organic polymer”,“polyether” or “siloxane”, or combinations thereof, depending on theselection of Y. Y may be a divalent hydrocarbon, a siloxane, apolyoxyalkylene, a polyalkylene, a polyisoalkylene, ahydrocarbon-silicone copolymer, or mixtures thereof.

In one embodiment, the component (B) is selected from an organiccompound, herein denoted as (B¹), having the formula R²—Y¹—R² where R²is a monovalent unsaturated aliphatic group containing 2 to 12 carbonatoms and Y¹ is a divalent hydrocarbon. The divalent hydrocarbon Y¹ maycontain 1 to 30 carbons, either as aliphatic or aromatic structures, andmay be branched or un-branched. Alternatively, the linking group Y¹ inB¹ may be an alkylene group containing 1 to 12 carbons. Component (B¹)may be selected from α,ω-unsaturated alkenes or alkynes containing 1 to30 carbons, and mixtures thereof. Component (B¹) may be exemplified by,but not limited to 1,4-pentadiene, 1,5-hexadiene; 1,6-heptadiene;1,7-octadiene, 1,8-nonadiene, 1,9-decadiene, 1,11-dodecadiene,1,13-tetradecadiene, and 1,19-eicosadiene, 1,3-butadiyne, 1,5-hexadiyne(dipropargyl), and 1-hexene-5-yne.

In another embodiment, the component (B) is selected from a R²—Y²—R²compound where Y² is a siloxane, herein denoted as (B²). The Y² siloxanegroup may be selected from any organopolysiloxane bonded to at least twoorganic groups having aliphatic unsaturation, designated as R², to formR²—Y²—R² structures. Thus, component (B²) can be any organopolysiloxane,and mixtures thereof, comprising at least two siloxane units representedby the average formula R²R_(m)SiO_((4-m)/2)

wherein

R is an organic group,

R² is a monovalent unsaturated aliphatic group as defined above, and

m is zero to 3

The R² group may be present on any mono, di, or in siloxy unit in anorganopolysiloxane molecule, for example; (R²R₂SiO_(0.5)), (R²RSiO), or(R²SiO_(1.5)); as well as in combination with other siloxy units notcontaining an R² substituent, such as (R₃SiO_(0.5)), (R₂SiO),(RSiO_(1.5)), or (SiO₂) siloxy units where R is independently anyorganic group, alternatively a hydrocarbon containing 1 to 30 carbons,alternatively an alkyl group containing 1 to 30 carbons, oralternatively methyl; providing there are at least two R² substituentsin the organopolysiloxane.

Representative, non-limiting, examples of such siloxane based R²—Y²—R²structures suitable as component (B²) include;

(R₂R²SiO_(0.5))(SiO₂)_(w)(R₂R²SiO_(0.5))

(R₂R²SiO_(0.5))(SiO₂)_(w)(R₂SiO)_(x)(R₂R²SiO_(0.5))

(R₂R²SiO_(0.5))(R₂SiO)_(x)(R₂R²SiO_(0.5))

(R₃SiO_(0.5))(R₂SiO)_(x)(R²RSiO)_(y)(R₃SiO_(0.5))

(R₃SiO_(0.5))(R₂SiO)_(x)(R²RSiO)_(y)(RSiO_(1.5))_(z)(R₃SiO_(0.5))

(R₃SiO_(0.5))(R₂SiO)_(x)(R²RSiO)_(y)(SiO₂)_(w)(R₃SiO_(0.5))

-   -   where w≧0, x≧0, y≧2, and z is ≧0, R is an organic group, and    -   R² is a monovalent unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group.

B² may be selected from vinyl functional polydimethylsiloxanes (vinylsiloxanes), such as those having the average formula;CH₂═CH(Me)₂SiO[Me₂SiO]_(x)Si(Me)₂CH═CH₂Me₃SiO[(Me)₂SiO]_(X)[CH₂═CH(Me)SiO]_(y)SiMe₃

wherein Me is methyl,

-   -   x≧0, alternatively x is 0 to 200, alternatively x is 10 to 100,    -   y≧2, alternatively y is 2 to 200, alternatively y is 10 to 100.        Vinyl functional polydimethylsiloxanes are known, and there are        many commercially available.

In another embodiment, component (B) is selected from a polyethercompound, herein denoted as (B³), having the formula R²—Y³—R² compoundwhere R² is as defined above and Y³ is a polyoxyalkylene group havingthe formula (C_(n)H_(2n)O)_(b) wherein n is from 2 to 4 inclusive,

b is greater than 2,

-   -   alternatively b can range from 2 to 100,        -   or alternatively b can range from 2 to 50.            The polyoxyalkylene group typically can comprise oxyethylene            units (C₂H₄O), oxypropylene units (C₃H₆O), oxytetramethylene            or its isomer oxybutylene units (C₄H₈O), or mixtures            thereof. Thus, the R²—Y³—R² compound may be selected from a            polyoxyalkylene group having the formula            R²—O[(C₂H₄O)_(f)(C₃H₆O)_(g)(C₄H₈O)_(h)]—R² where f, g, and h            may each independently range from 0 to 100, providing the            sum of f+g+h is greater than 2, alternatively the sum of            f+g+h ranges from 2 to 100, or alternatively the sum of            f+g+h ranges from 2 to 50.

Alternatively, the polyoxyalkylene group comprises only oxypropyleneunits (C₃H₆O)_(g). Representative, non-limiting examples ofpolyoxypropylene containing R²—Y³—R² compounds include;

H₂C═CHCH₂O[C₃H₆O]_(d)CH₂CH═CH₂

H₂C═CHO[C₃H₆O]_(d)CH═CH₂

H₂C═C(CH₃)CH₂O[C₃H₆O]_(d)CH₂C(CH₃)═CH₂

HC≡CCH₂O[C₃H₆O]_(d)CH₂C≡CH

HC≡CC(CH₃)₂O[C₃H₆O]_(d)C(CH₃)₂C≡CH

where g is as defined above.

Representative, non-limiting examples of polyoxybutylene containingR²—Y³—R² compounds include:

H₂C═CHCH₂O[C₄H₈O]_(e)CH₂CH═CH₂

H₂C═CHO[C₄H₈O]_(e)CH═CH₂

H₂C═C(CH₃)CH₂O[C₄H₈O]_(e)CH₂C(CH₃)═CH₂

HC≡CCH₂O[C₄H₈O]_(e)CH₂C≡CH

HC≡CC(CH₃)₂O[C₄H₈O]_(e)C(CH₃)₂C≡CH

Component B) may also be a mixture of various polyethers, i.e. a mixtureof B³ components.

In another embodiment, component (B) is selected from a R²—Y⁴—R²compound, herein denoted as (B⁴), where R² is as defined above and Y⁴ isa polyalkylene group, selected from C2 to C6 alkylene units or theirisomers. One example is polyisobutylene group which is a polymercontaining isobutylene unit. The molecular weight of the polyisobutylenegroup may vary, but typically ranges from 100 to 10,000 g/mole.Representative, non-limiting examples of R²—Y—R² compounds containing apolyisobutylene group includes those commercially available from BASFunder the tradename of OPPONOL BV, such as OPPONOL BV 5K, a diallylterminated polyisobutylene having an average molecular weight of 5000g/mole.

In yet another embodiment, component (B) is selected from a R²—Y⁵—R²compound, herein denoted as (B⁵), where R² is as defined above and Y⁵ isa hydrocarbon-silicone copolymer group. The hydrocarbon-siliconecopolymer group may have the formula—[R¹ _(u)(R₂SiO)_(v)]_(q)—where R¹ and R are as defined above;

u and v are independently ≧1; alternatively u ranges from 1 to 20,

-   -   alternatively v ranges from 2 to 500, or from 2 to 200,

q is >1, alternatively q ranges from 2 to 500, alternatively q rangesfrom 2 to 100.

R²—Y⁵—R² compounds having a hydrocarbon-silicone copolymer group may beprepared via a hydrosilylation reaction between an α-ω unsaturatedhydrocarbon, such as those described above as B¹, and anorganohydrogensiloxane. A representative, non-limiting example of such areaction is shown below.

In another embodiment, component (B) is selected from poly(diene)compounds which contain vinyl or alkenyl side groups. The vinyl oralkenyl side groups are usually the reaction product of dienepolymerization reaction and may be available for reaction with SiHcompound. Polybutadiene is one such polymer and typically contains about20 molar % of 1,2-vinyl side group. Ricon 130 is a commerciallyavailable liquid polybutadiene polymer with 20-35 molar % of 1,2-vinylpendant groups, it has a viscoisty of about 750 cps and molecular weightof 2500 g/mole. Ricon 130 is obtained from Sartomer Company, Inc.(Exton, Pa.).

Component (B) may also be a mixture of any diene, diyne or ene-ynecompound, such as any combinations of B¹, B², B³, B⁴, and B⁵.

The amounts of component (A) and component (B) used to prepare thepresent composition will depend on the individual components and thedesired SiH to aliphatic unsaturation ratio. The ratio of SiH incomponent (A) to aliphatic unsaturation from component (B) useful toprepare the compositions of the present invention can be from 10:1 to1:10, alternatively 5:1 to 1:5, or alternatively 4:1 to 1:4.

If components (A) and (B) are not the only materials containingaliphatic unsaturated groups and SiH-containing groups in the presentcomposition, then the above ratios relate to the total amount of suchgroups present in the composition rather than only those components.

(C) The Hydrosilylation Catalyst

Component (C) comprises any catalyst typically employed forhydrosilylation reactions. It is preferred to use platinum groupmetal-containing catalysts. By platinum group it is meant ruthenium,rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium and platinum and complexes thereof.Platinum group metal-containing catalysts useful in preparing thecompositions of the present invention are the platinum complexesprepared as described by Willing, U.S. Pat. No. 3,419,593, and Brown etal, U.S. Pat. No. 5,175,325, each of which is hereby incorporated byreference to show such complexes and their preparation. Other examplesof useful platinum group metal-containing catalysts can be found in Leeet al., U.S. Pat. No. 3,989,668; Chang et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,036,117;Ashby, U.S. Pat. No. 3,159,601; Lamoreaux, U.S. Pat. No. 3,220,972;Chalk et al., U.S. Pat. No. 3,296,291; Modic, U.S. Pat. No. 3,516,946;Karstedt, U.S. Pat. No. 3,814,730; and Chandra et al., U.S. Pat. No.3,928,629 all of which are hereby incorporated by reference to showuseful platinum group metal-containing catalysts and methods for theirpreparation. The platinum-containing catalyst can be platinum metal,platinum metal deposited on a carrier such as silica gel or powderedcharcoal, or a compound or complex of a platinum group metal. Preferredplatinum-containing catalysts include chloroplatinic acid, either inhexahydrate form or anhydrous form, and or a platinum-containingcatalyst which is obtained by a method comprising reactingchloroplatinic acid with an aliphatically unsaturated organosiliconcompound such as divinyltetramethyldisiloxane, or alkene-platinum-silylcomplexes as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/017,229,filed Dec. 7, 2001, such as (COD)Pt(SiMeCl₂)₂, where COD is1,5-cyclooctadiene and Me is methyl. These alkene-platinum-silylcomplexes may be prepared, for example by mixing 0.015 mole (COD)PtCl₂with 0.045 mole COD and 0.0612 moles HMeSiCl₂.

The appropriate amount of the catalyst will depend upon the particularcatalyst used. The platinum catalyst should be present in an amountsufficient to provide at least 2 parts per million (ppm), preferably 4to 200 ppm of platinum based on total weight percent solids (allnon-solvent ingredients) in the composition. It is highly preferred thatthe platinum is present in an amount sufficient to provide 4 to 150weight ppm of platinum on the same basis. The catalyst may be added as asingle species or as a mixture of two or more different species.

(D) The Carrier Fluid

The silicone elastomers may be contained in an optional carrier fluid(D). Although it is not required, typically the carrier fluid may be thesame as the solvent used for conducting the hydrosilylation reaction asdescribed above. Suitable carrier fluids include silicones, both linearand cyclic, organic oils, organic solvents and mixtures of these.Specific examples of solvents may be found in U.S. Pat. No. 6,200,581,which is hereby incorporated by reference for this purpose.

Typically, the carrier fluid is a low viscosity silicone or a volatilemethyl siloxane or a volatile ethyl siloxane or a volatile methyl ethylsiloxane having a viscosity at 25° C. in the range of 1 to 1,000 mm²/secsuch as hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane,decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane,octamethyltrisiloxane, decamethyltetrasiloxane,dodecamethylpentasiloxane, tetradecamethylhexasiloxane,hexadeamethylheptasiloxane,heptamethyl-3-{(trimethylsilyl)oxy)}trisiloxane,hexamethyl-3,3,bis{(trimethylsilyl)oxy}trisiloxane pentamethyl{(trimethylsilyl)oxy}cyclotrisiloxane as well as polydimethylsiloxanes,polyethylsiloxanes, polymethylethylsiloxanes, polymethylphenylsiloxanes,polydiphenylsiloxanes.

Organic solvents may be exemplified by, but not limited to, aromatichydrocarbons, aliphatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones,amines, esters, ethers, glycols, glycol ethers, alkyl halides andaromatic halides. Hydrocarbons including isododecane, isohexadecane,Isopar L (C11-C13), Isopar H(C11-C12), hydrogentated polydecen. Ethersand esters including isodecyl neopentanoate, neopentylglycol heptanoate,glycol distearate, dicaprylyl carbonate, diethylhexyl carbonate,propylene glycol n butyl ether, ethyl-3 ethoxypropionate, propyleneglycol methyl ether acetate, tridecyl neopentanoate, propylene glycolmethylether acetate (PGMEA), propylene glycol methylether (PGME),octyldodecyl neopentanoate, diisobutyl adipate, diisopropyl adipate,propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate, and octyl palmitate. Additionalorganic carrier fluids suitable as a stand alone compound or as aningredient to the carrier fluid include fats, oils, fatty acids, andfatty alcohols.

The amount of carrier fluid is such that there is 0 to 98 weightpercent, alternatively 0.5 to 80 weight percent, alternatively 5 to 70weight percent, of carrier fluid in composition containing (A) and (B)and (D), where the sum of (A), (B), and (D) is 100 weight percent.

E) Personal or Healthcare Active

Component E) is active selected from any personal or health care active.As used herein, a “personal care active” means any compound or mixturesof compounds that are known in the art as additives in the personal careformulations that are typically added for the purpose of treating hairor skin to provide a cosmetic and/or aesthetic benefit. A “healthcareactive” means any compound or mixtures of compounds that are known inthe art to provide a pharmaceutical or medical benefit. Thus,“healthcare active” include materials consider as an active ingredientor active drug ingredient as generally used and defined by the UnitedStates Department of Health & Human Services Food and DrugAdministration, contained in Title 21, Chapter I, of the Code of FederalRegulations, Parts 200-299 and Parts 300-499.

Useful active ingredients for use in processes according to theinvention include vitamins and its derivatives, including“pro-vitamins”. Vitamins useful herein include, but are not limited to,Vitamin A₁, retinol, C₂-C₁₈ esters of retinol, vitamin E, tocopherol,esters of vitamin E, and mixtures thereof. Retinol includestrans-retinol, 1,3-cis-retinol, 11-cis-retinol, 9-cis-retinol, and3,4-didehydro-retinol, Vitamin C and its derivatives, Vitamin B₁,Vitamin B₂, Pro Vitamin B5, panthenol, Vitamin B₆, Vitamin B₁₂, niacin,folic acid, biotin, and pantothenic acid. Other suitable vitamins andthe INCI names for the vitamins considered included herein are ascorbyldipalmitate, ascorbyl methylsilanol pectinate, ascorbyl palmitate,ascorbyl stearate, ascorbyl glucocide, sodium ascorbyl phosphate, sodiumascorbate, disodium ascorbyl sulfate, potassium (ascorbyl/tocopheryl)phosphate.

RETINOL, it should be noted, is an International Nomenclature CosmeticIngredient Name (INCI) designated by The Cosmetic, Toiletry, andFragrance Association (CTFA), Washington D.C., for vitamin A. Othersuitable vitamins and the INCI names for the vitamins consideredincluded herein are RETINYL ACETATE, RETINYL PALMITATE, RETINYLPROPIONATE, α-TOCOPHEROL, TOCOPHERSOLAN, TOCOPHERYL ACETATE, TOCOPHERYLLINOLEATE, TOCOPHERYL NICOTINATE, and TOCOPHERYL SUCCINATE.

Some examples of commercially available products suitable for use hereinare Vitamin A Acetate and Vitamin C, both products of Fluka Chemie AG,Buchs, Switzerland; COVI-OX T-50, a vitamin E product of HenkelCorporation, La Grange, Ill.; COVI-OX T-70, another vitamin E product ofHenkel Corporation, La Grange, Ill.; and vitamin E Acetate, a product ofRoche Vitamins & Fine Chemicals, Nutley, N.J.

Component E) may also be a sunscreen agent. The sunscreen agent can beselected from any sunscreen agent known in the art to protect skin fromthe harmful effects of exposure to sunlight. The sunscreen compound istypically chosen from an organic compound, an inorganic compound, ormixtures thereof that absorbs ultraviolet (UV) light. Thus,representative non limiting examples that can be used as the sunscreenagent include; Aminobenzoic Acid, Cinoxate, DiethanolamineMethoxycinnamate, Digalloyl Trioleate, Dioxybenzone, Ethyl4-[bis(Hydroxypropyl)] Aminobenzoate, Glyceryl Aminobenzoate,Homosalate, Lawsone with Dihydroxyacetone, Menthyl Anthranilate,Octocrylene, Octyl Methoxycinnamate, Octyl Salicylate, Oxybenzone,Padimate O, Phenylbenzimidazole Sulfonic Acid, Red Petrolatum,Sulisobenzone, Titanium Dioxide, and Trolamine Salicylate,cetaminosalol, Allatoin PABA, Benzalphthalide, Benzophenone,Benzophenone 1-12, 3-Benzylidene Camphor, Benzylidenecamphor HydrolyzedCollagen Sulfonamide, Benzylidene Camphor Sulfonic Acid, BenzylSalicylate, Bornelone, Bumetriozole, Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane,Butyl PABA, Ceria/Silica, Ceria/Silica Talc, Cinoxate,DEA-Methoxycinnamate, Dibenzoxazol Naphthalene, Di-t-ButylHydroxybenzylidene Camphor, Digalloyl Trioleate, Diisopropyl MethylCinnamate, Dimethyl PABA Ethyl Cetearyldimonium Tosylate, DioctylButamido Triazone, Diphenyl Carbomethoxy Acetoxy Naphthopyran, DisodiumBisethylphenyl Tiamminotriazine Stilbenedisulfonate, DisodiumDistyrylbiphenyl Triaminotriazine Stilbenedisulfonate, DisodiumDistyrylbiphenyl Disulfonate, Drometrizole, Drometrizole Trisiloxane,Ethyl Dihydroxypropyl PABA, Ethyl Diisopropylcinnamate, EthylMethoxycinnamate, Ethyl PABA, Ethyl Urocanate, Etrocrylene Ferulic Acid,Glyceryl Octanoate Dimethoxycinnamate, Glyceryl PABA, Glycol Salicylate,Homosalate, Isoamyl p-Methoxycinnamate, Isopropylbenzyl Salicylate,Isopropyl Dibenzolylmethane, Isopropyl Methoxycinnamate, MenthylAnthranilate, Menthyl Salicylate, 4-Methylbenzylidene, Camphor,Octocrylene, Octrizole, Octyl Dimethyl PABA, Octyl Methoxycinnamate,Octyl Salicylate, Octyl Triazone, PABA, PEG-25 PABA, Pentyl DimethylPABA, Phenylbenzimidazole Sulfonic Acid, PolyacrylamidomethylBenzylidene Camphor, Potassium Methoxycinnamate, PotassiumPhenylbenzimidazole Sulfonate, Red Petrolatum, SodiumPhenylbenzimidazole Sulfonate, Sodium Urocanate, TEA-PhenylbenzimidazoleSulfonate, TEA-Salicylate, Terephthalylidene Dicamphor Sulfonic Acid,Titanium Dioxide, Zinc Dioxide, Serium Dioxide, TriPABA Panthenol,Urocanic Acid, and VA/Crotonates/Methacryloxybenzophenone-1 Copolymer.

The sunscreen agent can be a single one or combination of more than one.Alternatively, the sunscreen agent is a cinnamate based organiccompound, or alternatively, the sunscreen agent is octylmethoxycinnamate, such as Uvinul® MC 80 an ester of para-methoxycinnamicacid and 2-ethylhexanol.

The amount of component E) present in the silicone gel composition mayvary, but typically range as follows;

0.05 to 50 wt %, alternatively 1 to 25 wt %, or alternatively 1 to 10 wt%, based on the amount by weight of silicone elastomer gel present inthe composition, that is total weight of components A), B), C) and D) inthe silicone gel composition.

The active, component E), may be added to the silicone gel or gel pastecomposition either during the making of the silicone elastomer (pre-loadmethod), or added after the formation of the silicone elastomer gel(post load method). Alternatively, component E) may be post-added to theaqueous emulsion of the gel or gel paste.

The Silicone Elastomer

The silicone elastomers of the present invention are obtainable ashydrosilylation reaction products of components A), B), and C). The term“hydrosilylation” means the addition of an organosilicon compoundcontaining silicon-bonded hydrogen, (such as component A) to a compoundcontaining aliphatic unsaturation (such as component B), in the presenceof a catalyst (such as component C). Hydrosilylation reactions are knownin the art, and any such known methods or techniques may be used toeffect the hydrosilylation reaction of components A), B), and C) toprepare the silicone elastomers of the present invention.

The hydrosilylation reaction may be conducted in the presence of asolvent, and the solvent subsequently removed by known techniques.Alternatively, the hydrosilylation may be conducted in a solvent, wherethe solvent is the same as the carrier fluid described as optionalcomponent D).

Gelled Compositions Containing the Silicone Elastomer

The silicone elastomers can be added to a carrier fluid (as describedabove as component D) to form gelled compositions, or alternatively beprepared first in a separate reaction and then added to the carrierfluid to obtain a gel. The gelled compositions of the present inventionmay be characterized by their hardness or firmness. Useful tests tocharacterize the gels are those recommended by the Gelatin ManufacturersInstitute of America such as the use of a “Texture Analyzer” (modelTA.XT2, Stable Micro Systems, Inc., Godalming, England). The gel sampleis subject to a compression test with the Texture Analyzer having aprobe with a 5.0 kg load cell. The probe approaches the surface of thegel at a speed of 0.5 mm/sec and continues compression into the gel to adistance of 5.0 mm, then holds for 1 second before retreating. TheTexture Analyzer detects the resistance force the probe experiencesduring the compression test. The force exhibited by the load cell isplotted as a function of time.

The hardness of the silicone elastomers, gels and elastomer blends(SEBs) for purposes of this invention is defined as the resistance forcedetected by the probe of the “Texture Analyzer” during the compressiontest. Two data may used to characterize hardness: Force 1, the force atthe maximum compression point (i.e. the 5.0 mm compression point intothe gel surface), and Area F-T: the area-force integration during the 1second hold at the maximum compression point. The average of a total of5 tests are typically performed for each gel.

The value obtained for Force 1 is converted into Newton (N), by dividingthe gram force value by 101.97. (i.e. 1 Newton equals 101.97 g forcebased on the size of the probe used in this instrument). The secondproperty reported by Texture Analyzer measurement is Area F-T1:2, in gforce·sec. This is the area integration of the force vs. test time cure.This property is indicative of a gel network since it indicates abilityto sustain resistance to the compression force, which is relevant toelastomers and gels. The value is reported in g force·sec, and isconverted to Newton·sec in SI unit by dividing the value in g force·secby 101.97.

The silicone gels of the present invention has a compression hardness ofat least 200 Newton/m², alternatively 400 Newton/m², or alternatively600 Newton/m².

Gel Paste Compositions Containing the Silicone Elastomer

The gelled compositions of the present invention can be used to preparegel paste or gel blend compositions containing actives by;

I) shearing the silicone elastomer gel, as described above,

II) combining the sheared silicone elastomer gel with additionalquantities of

-   -   D) the carrier fluid, as described above, and optionally    -   E) a personal or health care active        to form a gel paste or blend composition.

The silicone elastomer gel compositions of the present invention blendsmay be considered as discrete crosslinked silicone elastomer gelparticles dispersed in carrier fluids. Thus, the silicone elastomercompositions are effective rheological thickeners for lower molecularweight silicone fluids. As such they can be used to prepare useful gelblend compositions, such as “paste” compositions.

To make such silicone elastomer blends, the aforementioned siliconeelastomer gels of known initial elastomer content (IEC) are sheared toobtain small particle size and further diluted to a final elastomercontent (FEC). “Shearing”, as used herein refers to any shear mixingprocess, such as obtained from homogenizing, sonalating, or any othermixing processes known in the art as shear mixing. The shear mixing ofthe silicone elastomer gel composition results in a composition havingreduced particle size. The subsequent composition having reducedparticle size is then further combined with D) the carrier fluid. Thecarrier fluid may be any carrier fluid as described above, but typicallyis a volatile methyl siloxane, such as D5. The technique for combiningthe D) the carrier fluid with the silicone elastomer composition havingreduced particle size is not critical, and typically involves simplestirring or mixing. The resulting compositions may be considered as apaste, having a viscosity greater than 100,000 cP (mPa·s).

The silicone elastomer gel compositions can be used in a variety ofpersonal, household, and healthcare applications. In particular, thecompositions of the present invention may be used: as thickening agents,as taught in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,051,216, 5,919,441, 5,981,680; tostructure oils, as disclosed in WO 2004/060271 and WO 2004/060101; insunscreen compositions as taught in WO 2004/060276; as structuringagents in cosmetic compositions also containing film-forming resins, asdisclosed in WO 03/105801; in the cosmetic compositions as taught in USPatent Application Publications 2003/0235553, 2003/0072730,2003/0170188, EP 1,266,647, EP 1,266,648, EP1,266,653, WO 03/105789, WO2004/000247 and WO 03/106614; as structuring agents as taught in WO2004/054523; in long wearing cosmetic compositions as taught in USPatent Application Publication 2004/0180032; in transparent ortranslucent care and/or make up compositions as discussed in WO2004/054524; all of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Silicone elastomer gels can also be used in anti-perspirant anddeodorant compositions under but not limited to the form of sticks, softsolid, roll on, aerosol, and pumpsprays. Some examples of antiperspirantagents and deodorant agents are Aluminum Chloride, Aluminum ZirconiumTetrachlorohydrex GLY, Aluminum Zirconium Tetrachlorohydrex PEG,Aluminum Chlorohydrex, Aluminum Zirconium Tetrachlorohydrex PG, AluminumChlorohydrex PEG, Aluminum Zirconium Trichlorohydrate, AluminumChlorohydrex PG, Aluminum Zirconium Trichlorohydrex GLY,Hexachlorophene, Chloride, Aluminum Sesquiahlorohydrate, SodiumBicarbonate, Aluminum Sesquichlorohydrex PEG, Chlorophyllin-CopperComplex, Triclosan, Aluminum Zirconium Octachlorohydrate, and ZincRicinoleate.

The personal care compositions of this invention may be in the form of acream, a gel, a powder, a paste, or a freely pourable liquid. Generally,such compositions can generally be prepared at room temperature if nosolid materials at room temperature are presents in the compositions,using simple propeller mixers, Brookfield counter-rotating mixers, orhomogenizing mixers. No special equipment or processing conditions aretypically required. Depending on the type of form made, the method ofpreparation will be different, but such methods are well known in theart.

The compositions according to this invention can be used by the standardmethods, such as applying them to the human body, e.g. skin or hair,using applicators, brushes, applying by hand, pouring them and/orpossibly rubbing or massaging the composition onto or into the body.Removal methods, for example for colour cosmetics are also well knownstandard methods, including washing, wiping, peeling and the like. Foruse on the skin, the compositions according to the present invention maybe used in a conventional manner for example for conditioning the skin.An effective amount of the composition for the purpose is applied to theskin. Such effective amounts generally range from about 1 mg/cm² toabout 3 mg/cm². Application to the skin typically includes working thecomposition into the skin. This method for applying to the skincomprises the steps of contacting the skin with the composition in aneffective amount and then rubbing the composition into the skin. Thesesteps can be repeated as many times as desired to achieve the desiredbenefit.

The use of the compositions according to the invention on hair may use aconventional manner for conditioning hair. An effective amount of thecomposition for conditioning hair is applied to the hair. Such effectiveamounts generally range from about 1 g to about 50 g, preferably fromabout 1 g to about 20 g. Application to the hair typically includesworking the composition through the hair such that most or all of thehair is contacted with the composition. This method for conditioning thehair comprises the steps of applying an effective amount of the haircare composition to the hair, and then working the composition throughthe hair. These steps can be repeated as many times as desired toachieve the desired conditioning benefit. When a high silicone contentis incorporated in a hair care composition according to the invention,this may be a useful material for split end hair products.

The compositions according to this invention can be used on the skin ofhumans or animals for example to moisturize, color or generally improvethe appearance or to apply actives, such as sunscreens, deodorants,insect repellents etc.

The silicone resin elastomer can be used in antiperspirants, deodorants,skin creams, skin care lotions, moisturizers, facial treatments such asacne or wrinkle removers, personal and facial cleansers, sunscreens,make-ups, color cosmetics, foundations, blushes, lipsticks, lip balms,eyeliners, mascaras, and powders. Furthermore, it is anticipated thatthe compositions of the present invention can be combined with variousother components to prepare the personal care or medical care productsdescribed infra. These components include, silicones materials,fragrances, preservatives, polyols, such as glycerin and propyleneglycols, additional surfactants, moisturizers, pigments and powders,sunscreens, fragrances, emollients, structurants, thickeners,electrolytes, pH control agents, film formers, conditioning agents,botanicals (plant extracts)) and actives such as vitamins and theirderivatives, antioxidants and the like, amino-acids derivatives,liposomes, antiperspirant and deodorant agents, skin bleaching agent,skin protectants, self tanning agents, and conditioning agents for hairand skin such as quaternary polymer or amino functional silicones,commonly used to formulate such personal care and medical products. Thissilicone resin elastomer is used in amounts of from 0.1 to 50 parts byweight, preferably from 0.5 to 20 parts by weight, most preferably fromx to xx parts by weight.

The composition according to the invention may also be combined with anumber of optional ingredients:

-   -   non-volatile polysiloxane having the structure:

wherein n has a value sufficient to provide polysiloxane polymers havinga viscosity in the range of 100-10,000 mm²/sec. R1 and R2 can be alkylradicals containing 1-20 carbon atoms or aryl groups, preferably alkylradicals containing 1-6 carbon atoms, and more preferably methyl orphenyl groups. Typically, the value of n is 20-500, more preferably80-375. Some illustrative polysiloxane polymers includepolydimethylsiloxane, polydiethylsiloxane, polymethylethylsiloxane,polymethylphenylsiloxane, and polydiphenylsiloxane.

Alkylmethylsiloxanes: These siloxane polymers generally will have theformula Me₃SiO[Me₂SiO]_(y)[MeRSiO]_(z)SiMe₃, in which R is a hydrocarbongroup containing 6-30 carbon atoms, Me represents methyl, and the degreeof polymerization (DP), i.e., the sum of y and z is 3-50. Both thevolatile and liquid species of alkymethysiloxanes can be used in thecomposition.

Silicone gums: Polydiorganosiloxane gums are known in the art and areavailable commercially. They consist of generally insolublepolydiorganosiloxanes having a viscosity in excess of 1,000,000centistoke (mm²/s) at 25° C., preferably greater than 5,000,000centistoke (mm²/s) at 25° C. These silicone gums are typically sold ascompositions already dispersed in a suitable solvent to facilitate theirhandling. Ultra-high viscosity silicones can also be included asoptional ingredients. These ultra-high viscosity silicones typicallyhave a kinematic viscosity greater than 5 million centistokes (mm²/s) at25° C., to about 20 million centistokes (mm²/s) at 25° C. Compositionsof this type in the form of suspensions are most preferred, and aredescribed for example in U.S. Pat. No. 6,013,682 (Jan. 11, 2000).

Silicone polyamides: Representative compositions of suitable siliconepolyamide copolymers are set forth in detail in U.S. Pat. No. 5,981,680(Nov. 9, 1999).

Silicone resins: These resin compositions are generally highlycrosslinked polymeric siloxanes. Crosslinking is obtained byincorporating trifunctional and/or tetrafunctional silanes with themonofunctional silane and/or difunctional silane monomers used duringmanufacture. The degree of crosslinking required to obtain a suitablesilicone resin will vary according to the specifics of the silanemonomer units incorporated during manufacture of the silicone resin. Ingeneral, any silicone having a sufficient level of trifunctional andtetrafunctional siloxane monomer units, and hence possessing sufficientlevels of crosslinking to dry down to a rigid or a hard film can beconsidered to be suitable for use as the silicone resin. Commerciallyavailable silicone resins suitable for applications herein are generallysupplied in an unhardened form in low viscosity volatile or nonvolatilesilicone fluids. The silicone resins should be incorporated intocompositions of the invention in their non-hardened forms rather than ashardened resinous structures.

Other Silicone elastomers: Such elastomers are generally reactionproducts obtained by combining an organopolysiloxane having anunsaturated group bound to a terminal silicon atom and anorganohydrogensiloxane, and then subjecting it to at least a partialcure. One example of a suitable elastomer is a composition known in thecosmetic industry under its INCI name of Dimethicone/Vinyl DimethiconeCrosspolymer or Dimethicone Crosspolymer. Emulsions and suspension ofthese polysiloxane elastomers can also be used as components of thecomposition. Polysilokane elastomers in the form of powders coated withdifferent organic and inorganic materials such as mica and silica canalso be used.

Carbinol Fluids: These materials are described in WO 03/101412 A2, andcan be commonly described as substituted hydrocarbyl functional siloxanefluids or resins.

Water soluble or water dispersible silicone polyether compositions:These are also known as polyalkylene oxide silicone copolymers, siliconepoly(oxyalkylene) copolymers, silicone glycol copolymers, or siliconesurfactants. These can be linear rake or graft type materials, or ABAtype where the B is the siloxane polymer block, and the A is thepoly(oxyalkylene) group. The poly(oxyalkylene) group can consist ofpolyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, or mixed polyethyleneoxide/polypropylene oxide groups. Other oxides, such as butylene oxideor phenylene oxide are also possible

Compositions according to the invention can be provided in the form ofwater-in-oil or water-in-silicone emulsions using silicone emulsifiers.Typically, the water-in-silicone emulsifier is non-ionic and selectedfrom the group comprising polyoxyalkylene-substituted silicones,silicone alkanolamides, silicone esters and silicone glycosides.Suitable silicone-based surfactants are well known in the art, and havebeen described for example in U.S. Pat. No. 4,122,029 (Gee et al.), U.S.Pat. No. 5,387,417 (Rentsch), and U.S. Pat. No. 5,811,487 (Schulz etal.) and include polydiorganosiloxane polyoxalkylene copolymerscontaining at least one polydiorganosiloxane segment consistingessentially of R_(b)SiO_((4-b)2) siloxane units wherein b has a value offrom 0 to 3, inclusive, there being an average value of approximately 2R groups per silicon for all siloxane units in the copolymer, and Rdenotes a radical selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl,vinyl, phenyl, and a divalent radical bonding a polyoxyalkylene segmentto the polydiorganosiloxane segment, at least 95 percent of all R beingmethyl; and at least one polyoxyalkylene segment having an averagemolecular weight of at least 1000 and consisting of from 0 to 50 molpercent polyoxypropylene units and from 50 to 100 mol percentpolyoxyethylene units, at least one terminal portion of saidpolyoxyalkylene segment being bonded to said polydiorganosiloxanesegment, any terminal portion of said polyoxyalkylene segment not bondedto said polydiorganosiloxane segment being satisfied by a terminatingradical; the weight ratio of polydiorganosiloxane segments topolyoxyalkylene segments in said copolymer having a value of from 2 to8. Alternatively the silicone-based surfactant can be a cross-linkedemulsifier in which at least two organopolysiloxane-polyoxyalkylenemolecules are cross-linked by a cross-linking radical; the crosslinkedorganopolysiloxane-polyoxyalkylene emulsifier having the formula

wherein the crosslinked organopolysiloxane-polyoxyalkylene emulsifierformula R is an aliphatic radical having 2 to 25 carbon atoms; R′ is anorganic or organosiloxane group which does not contain hydrolyzablebonds; R″ is a terminal group; R″′ is independently an aliphatic radicalhaving 1 to 25 carbon atoms; R¹ is independently selected from the groupconsisting of hydrogen and an aliphatic radical containing 1-3 carbonatoms; x is an integer from 0 to 100; c is an integer from 1 to 5; z isan integer from 0 to 600; y is an integer from 1 to 10; x+y+z>40; a isan integer from 4 to 40; b is an integer from 0 to 40; a/b>1. The amountof the silicone emulsifying agent in the final composition may varywidely, but typically would be from 0.05% to 1.5%, alternatively 0.1 to1%, more preferably 0.15 to 0.8% by weight, or alternatively 0.2 to 0.6%by weight.

The composition according to the invention can include a sunscreen as anoptional or as a main ingredient. Sunscreens include but are not limitedto those components which absorb ultraviolet light between 290 and 320nanometers, i.e., the UV-B region, such as para-aminobenzoic acidderivatives and cinnamates derivatives such as ethyl hexyl methoxycinnamate; and those compositions which absorb ultraviolet light in therange of 320 to 400 nanometer, i.e., the UV-A region, such asbenzophenone derivatives and butyl methoxy dibenzoylmethane derivatives,and hydrophilic compositions such as benzylidine-2-camphor sulphonicacid derivatives. The cosmetic compositions according to the inventioncan also contain pigments or alternatively nanopigments (average primaryparticle size: generally between 5 nm and 100 nm, preferably between 10and 50 nm) of coated or uncoated metal oxides, such as, for example,nanopigments of titanium oxide (amorphous or crystallized in rutileand/or anatase form), of iron oxide, of zinc oxide, of zirconium oxideor of cerium oxide, which are all photoprotective agents that are wellknown per se and which act by physically blocking (reflection and/orscattering) UV radiation. Standard coating agents are, moreover, aluminaand/or aluminum

When the composition according to the invention is an oil-in-wateremulsion, it will include common ingredients generally used forpreparing emulsions such as but not limited to nonionic surfactants wellknown in the art to prepare oil-in-water emulsions. Examples of nonionicsurfactants include polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylenealkylphenol ethers, polyoxyethylene lauryl ethers, polyoxyethylenesorbitan monoleates, polyoxyethylene alkyl esters, polyoxyethylenesorbitan alkyl esters, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol,diethylene glycol, ethoxylated trimethylnonanols, and polyoxyalkyleneglycol modified polysiloxane surfactants.

Compositions according to the invention can include suspending agentssuch xanthan gum, carboxyvinyl polymers. Examples of these polymersinclude Carbopol 934, 940, 941, and 956. available from B.F. GoodrichCompany. Still other suitable suspending agents include di(hydrogenatedtallow)phthalic acid amide, and crosslinked maleic anhydride-methylvinyl ether copolymer, cellulose ethers derivatives, guar gum, polyvinylalcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, hydroxypropyl guar gum, starch andstarch derivatives, Suitable thickening agents are exemplified by sodiumalginate, gum arabic, polyoxyethylene, guar gum, hydroxypropyl guar gum,ethoxylated alcohols, such as laureth-4 or polyethylene glycol 400.

The composition according to the invention can further contain an oil oroily component. The term oil as used herein refers to any material thatis substantially insoluble in water, and which is generally compatiblewith any low molecular weight silicone species present in thecomposition. When the composition is to be used in a cosmetic orpersonal care product, the product components must also be cosmeticallyacceptable, or otherwise meet the conditions of the end use of theproduct. Some example of suitable oil components include natural oilssuch as coconut oil; hydrocarbons such as mineral oil and hydrogenatedpolyisobutene; fatty alcohols such as octyldodecanol; esters such as C12to C15 alkyl benzoates; diesters such as propylene dipelargonate; andtriesters such as glyceryl trioctanoate. Low viscosity oils can also beused such as those oils having a viscosity of 5 to 100 mPa·s at 25° C.,generally consisting of esters having a structure such as RCO—OR′wherein RCO represents a carboxylic acid radical and OR is an alcoholresidue. Some examples of low viscosity oils include isotridecylisononanoate, PEG-4 diheptanoate, isostearyl neopentanoate, tridecylneopentanoate, cetyl octanoate, cetyl palmitate, cetyl ricinoleate,cetyl stearate, cetyl myristate, cocodicaprylate/caprate, decylisostearate, isodecyl oleate, isodecyl neopentanoate, isohexylneopentanoate, octyl palmitate, dioctyl malate, tridecyl octanoate,myristyl myristate, octododecanol and mixtures of octyldodecanol,Caprylic/Capric triglycerides, isododecanol, soybean oil, sunflower oil,wheat and/or cereal germ oil, sweet almond oil, jojoba oil, avocado oil,olive oil, palm oil, calophyllum, and castor oil.

Other additives can include powders and pigments especially when thecomposition according to the invention is intended to be used formake-up. The powder component of the invention can be generally definedas dry, particulate matter having a particle size of 0.02-50 microns.The particulate matter may be colored or non-colored (for examplewhite). Suitable powders include but not limited to bismuth oxychloride,titanated mica, fumed silica, spherical silica beads,polymethylmethacrylate beads, boron nitride, aluminum silicate, aluminumstarch octenylsuccinate, bentonite, kaolin, magnesium aluminum silicate,silica, talc, mica; titanium dioxide, kaolin, nylon, silk powder. Theabove mentioned powders may be surface treated to render the particleshydrophobic in nature.

The powder component also comprises various organic and inorganicpigments. The organic pigments are generally various aromatic typesincluding azo, indigoid, triphenylmethane, anthraquinone, and xanthinedyes which are designated as D&C and FD&C blues, browns, greens,oranges, reds, yellows, etc. Inorganic pigments generally consist ofinsoluble metallic salts of certified color additives, referred to asthe Lakes or iron oxides. A pulverulent coloring agent, such as carbonblack, chromium or iron oxides, ultramarines, manganese pyrophosphate,iron blue, and titanium dioxide, pearlescent agents, generally used as amixture with colored pigments, or some organic dyes, generally used as amixture with colored pigments and commonly used in the cosmeticsindustry, can be added to the composition. In general, these coloringagents can be present in an amount by weight from 0 to 20% with respectto the weight of the final composition.

Pulverulent inorganic or organic fillers can also be added, generally inan amount by weight from 0 to 40% with respect to the weight of thefinal composition. These pulverulent fillers can be chosen from talc,micas, kaolin, zinc or titanium oxides, calcium or magnesium carbonates,silica, spherical titanium dioxide, glass or ceramic beads, metal soapsderived from carboxylic acids having 8-22 carbon atoms, non-expandedsynthetic polymer powders, expanded powders and powders from naturalorganic compounds, such as cereal starches, which may or may not becrosslinked, copolymer microspheres such as EXPANCEL (Nobel Industrie),polytrap and silicone resin powder and microbeads (TOSPEARL fromToshiba, for example).

The waxes or wax-like materials useful in the composition generally havea melting point range of 35 to 120° C. at atmospheric pressure. Waxes inthis category include synthetic wax, silicone waxes, ceresin, paraffin,ozokerite, beeswax, carnauba, microcrystalline, lanolin, lanolinderivatives, candelilla, cocoa butter, shellac wax, spermaceti, branwax, capok wax, sugar cane wax, montan wax, whale wax, bayberry wax, ormixtures thereof. Mention may be made, among the waxes capable of beingused as non-silicone fatty substances, of animal waxes, such as beeswax;vegetable waxes, such as carnauba, candelilla wax; mineral waxes, forexample paraffin or lignite wax or microcrystalline waxes or ozokerites;synthetic waxes, including polyethylene waxes, and waxes obtained by theFischer-Tropsch synthesis. Mention may be made, among the siliconewaxes, of polymethylsiloxane alkyls, silsesquioxane resins, alkoxysand/or esters.

Silicone resin elastomer can also be used in anti-perspirant anddeodorant compositions under but not limited to the form of sticks, softsolid, roll on, aerosol, pumpspray. Some examples of antiperspirantagents and deodorant agents are Aluminum Chloride, Aluminum ZirconiumTetrachlorohydrex GLY, Aluminum Zirconium Tetrachlorohydrex PEG,Aluminum Chlorohydrex, Aluminum Zirconium Tetrachlorohydrex PG, AluminumChlorohydrex PEG, Aluminum Zirconium Trichlorohydrate, AluminumChlorohydrex PG, Aluminum Zirconium Trichlorohydrex GLY,Hexachlorophene, Benzalkonium Chloride, Aluminum Sesquichlorohydrate,Sodium Bicarbonate, Aluminum Sesquichlorohydrex PEG,Chlorophyllin-Copper Complex, Triclosan, Aluminum ZirconiumOctachlorohydrate, Zinc Ricinoleate.

The compositions according to this invention can be used by the standardmethods, such as applying them to the human body, e.g. skin or hair,using applicators, brushes, applying by hand, pouring them and/orpossibly rubbing or massaging the composition onto or into the body.Removal methods, for example for color cosmetics, are also well knownstandard methods, including washing, wiping, peeling and the like.

For use on the skin, the compositions according to the present inventionmay be used in a conventional manner for example for conditioning theskin. An effective amount of the composition for the purpose is appliedto the skin. Such effective amounts generally range from about 1 mg/cm²to about 3 mg/cm². Application to the skin typically includes workingthe composition into the skin. This method for applying to the skincomprises the steps of contacting the skin with the composition in aneffective amount and then rubbing the composition into the skin. Thesesteps can be repeated as many times as desired to achieve the desiredbenefit.

The use of the compositions according to the invention on hair may use aconventional manner for conditioning hair. An effective amount of thecomposition for conditioning hair is applied to the hair. Such effectiveamounts generally range from about 1 g to about 50 g, preferably fromabout 1 g to about 20 g. Application to the hair typically includesworking the composition through the hair such that most or all of thehair is contacted with the composition. This method for conditioning thehair comprises the steps of applying an effective amount of the haircare composition to the hair, and then working the composition throughthe hair. These steps can be repeated as many times as desired toachieve the desired conditioning benefit. When a high silicone contentis incorporated in a hair care composition according to the invention,this may be a useful material for split end hair products.

The compositions according to this invention can be used on the skin ofhumans or animals for example to moisturize, color or generally improvethe appearance or to apply actives, such as sunscreens, deodorants,insect repellents, etc.

The silicone resin elastomers are particularly useful to obtain improvedcompatibilities with many common personal care ingredients, whilemaintaining sensory aesthetics.

EXAMPLES

These examples are intended to illustrate the invention to one ofordinary skill in the art and should not be interpreted as limiting thescope of the invention set forth in the claims. All measurements andexperiments were conducted at 23° C., unless indicated otherwise.

Materials Description

The following materials were used in these examples.

Organohydrogensiloxanes

M^(H)T^(Pr) resin 1=M^(H) propyl silsesquioxane resin (abbreviatedherein as M^(H)T^(Pr)) where T^(Pr) is CH₃CH₂CH₂SiO_(3/2), It has a NMRderived structure of M^(H) _(0.4651)D_(0.0177)T^(Pr) _(0.5172) and aviscosity of 25 cps. It was made from propyltrimethoxy silane followingthe method described in WO 2005/100444 and contained 2.38% methoxy.

M^(H)T^(Pr) resin 2=M^(H) propyl silsesquioxane resin (abbreviatedherein as M^(H)T^(Pr)) where T^(Pr) is CH₃CH₂CH₂SiO_(3/2). It has a NMRderived structure of M^(H) _(0.455)D_(0.017)T^(Pr) _(0.528) and Mw of821 g/mole. It was made from propyltriethoxy silane following the methoddescribed in WO 2005/100444 and contains about 6.8% ethoxy.

M^(H)Q resin=The particular resin used in this study has a NMR derivedstructure of M_(0.413)M^(H) _(0.0090)Q_(0.497) and is made to about48.6% concentration in IHD (isohexadecane). The resin solution has0.773% [H] as measured by FTIR.

-   MeH CYCLICS=methylhydrogen cyclosiloxanes (MeH cyclics) having the    formula [(CH₃)HSiO]_(x) where the average value of x is 4.4.    Siloxane Polymers Containing Unsaturated Groups

VINYL SILOXANE #1=a dimethylvinylsiloxy-terminated dimethylpolysiloxaneof the general formula(CH₂═CH)(CH₃)₂SiO[(CH₃)₂SiO]_(dp)Si(CH₃)₂(CH═CH₂), where the averagedegree of polymerization (dp) was 8 and having a viscosity of 4 mm²/s at25° C.

VINYL SILOXANE #2=a dimethylhexenylsiloxy-terminateddimethylpolysiloxane of the general formula(CH₂═CH(CH₂)₄)(CH₃)₂SiO[(CH₃)₂SiO]_(dp)Si(CH₃)₂((CH₂)₄(CH₂═CH)), wherethe average degree of polymerization (dp) was 100 and a viscosity of 170mm²/s at 25° C.

VINYL SILOXANE #3=a dimethylvinylsiloxy-terminated

dimethylpolysiloxane of the general formula

(CH₂═CH)(CH₃)₂SiO[(CH₃)₂SiO]_(dp)Si(CH₃)₂(CH═CH₂), where the averagedegree of

polymerization (dp) was 130 and having a viscosity of 325 mm²/s at 25°C.

α,ω—unsaturated polypropylene oxide

PO20—Polycerin DUS-80=α,ω-bisallyl polypropylene oxide having about 20propylene oxide (PO) units from NOF Corporation (Japan).

MPO20—Polycerin DMUS-80=α,ω-bismethallyl polypropylene oxide havingabout 20 propylene oxide (PO) units from NOF Corporation (Japan).

Polyunsaturated Polymers

PBD—Ricon 130 is a liquid polybutadiene polymer with 20-35 molar % of1,2-vinyl pendant groups, it has a viscoisty of about 750 cps andmolecular weight of 2500 g/mole. Ricon 130 is obtained from SartomerCompany, Inc. (Exton, Pa.).

Hydrosilylation Catalyst

PT CATALYST=SLY-OFF 4000 (Dow Corning Corporation, Midland Mich.) Ptcatalyst used as provided containing 0.52 weight % Pt.

Carrier Fluids

D5=decamethylcyclopentasiloxane or D5 cyclics, DC245 (Dow CorningCorporation, Midland Mich.) used as provided.

2-1184 Fluid=linear dimethylsilicone fluid of low viscosity (Dow CorningCorporation, Midland Mich.) used as provided.

IDD=isododecane obtained from Presperse, under the trade name ofPermethyl 99A.

IHD=isohexadecane obtained from Presperse, under the trade name ofPermethyl 101A.

IDNP=isodecyl neopentanoate obtained from ISP (International SpecialtyProducts Co) under the trade name of CERAPHYL SLK.

TPP=triphenylphosphine

Stabilizer=Vitamin A palmitate (VAP) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)

Methods of Measuring Viscosity of Silicone Elastomer Blends (SEBs)

The Brookfield Helipath™ Stand, when used with a suitable BrookfieldViscometer fitted with a special T-bar type spindle, will permitviscosity/consistency measurements in relative centipoise values formaterials having characteristics similar to paste, putty, cream,gelatin, or wax.

The viscosity of silicone elastomer blends was determined using aBrookfield Model RVD-II+ Viscometer with Helipath stand (BrookfieldModel D) and T-Bar spindles (Brookfield Helipath Spindle Set). All werepurchased from Brookfield Engineering Laboratories, Inc. (11 CommerceBoulevard Middleboro, Mass., USA).

A sample size of 100 g in a 4 oz round jar was required. The followingpreparation procedure was used before measurement: the sample wasde-aired first via centrifuge, then vacuum de-aired for two hours. Afterde-airing, the sample was conditioned for a minimum of 4 hours @ 25° C.The sample was positioned with T-bar spindle at center. The reading wastaken according to the typical procedure for Helipath spindle.

In general, spindle 93 (T-bar spindle C) is used for the less viscoussample, spindle 95 (T-bar spindle E) for the more viscous samples. Thestandard setting for rpm was 2.5. The spindle speed is maintained atconstant 2.5 rpm and spindle was varied to handle samples withsignificant viscosities.

Measurement of Silicone Elastomer Gel Hardness

The hardness (or firmness) of silicone elastomer gels was characterizedusing a Texture analyzer (model TA.XT2, Stable Micro Systems, Inc.,Godalming, England). The Gelatin Manufacturers Institute of Americarecommends such test methods as a standard procedure.

For silicone gels and elastomer blends, a ½ inch (1.27 cm) diametercylindrical probe made of DELRIN acetal resin (Dupont) was used for themeasurement. The gel sample is subject to the compression test using theprobe with the following test cycle: the probe approaches the surface ofthe gel at a speed of 0.5 mm/sec and continues compression into the gelto a distance of 5.0 mm, then holds for 1 second before retreating. TheTexture Analyzer has a 5.0 Kg load cell to detect the resistance forcethe probe experiences during the compression test. The force exhibitedby the load cell is plotted as a function of time.

The hardness of the silicone elastomers, gels and elastomer blends(SEBs) is defined as the resistance force detected by the probe duringthe compression test. Two data are used for the hardness value: Force 1:the force at the maximum compression point (i.e. the 5.0 mm compressionpoint into the gel surface), and Area F-T: the area-force integrationduring the 1 second hold at the maximum compression point. A total of 5tests were performed for each gel and the average of the five tests isreported.

Texture Analyzer used for gel hardness measurement is force in gram, asdetected by the transducer. Two values are reported for gel hardness:Force 1, the force in gram registered when the probe reached itspre-programmed full indentation (or compression) in gel sample. The unitfor Force 1 reading is gram force.

The value obtained for Force 1 is converted into Newton (N), by dividingthe gram force value by 101.97. (i.e. 1 Newton equals 101.97 g forcebased on the size of the probe used in this instrument). For instance, avalue of 6327 g force converts to 62.0 N.

The second property reported by Texture Analyzer measurement is AreaF-T1:2, in g force·sec. This is the area integration of the force vs.test time cure. This is an indicative property of a gel network as itindicates it ability to sustain resistance to the compression force,which is relevant to elastomers and gels.

The value is reported in g force·sec, and is converted to Newton·sec inSI unit by dividing the value in g force·sec by 101.97. For instance, avalue of 33,947 g force·sec is 332.9 N·s in SI units.

Example 1 (Reference) Preparation of MM^(H)T^(Pr) Silsesquioxane Resin

Siloxane resins of the general formula MM^(H)T^(Pr) were preparedaccording to the procedures described in Example 2 (reference) of WO2005/100444 A1.

The specific composition of M^(H)T^(Pr) resin 1 and M^(H)T^(Pr) resin 2used in this study are shown below.

Example # 1A 1B M^(H)T^(Pr) resin 1 M^(H)T^(Pr) resin 2 DescriptionPropyltrimethoxy Propyltriethoxy silane derived; silane derived; made bysolventless made by solventless to neat materials. to neat materials.Formula weight 85.84 86.23 (per NMR structure), g Wt % H in neat 0.54180.5277 resin (in terms of [H], calculation) Mn, (GPC) g/mole 738 Mw,(GPC) g/mole 821 Wt. % OEt or OMe 2.38% 6.89% Wt % OH (silanol) 0.52%0.94% Viscosity, cps 25.0 13.0

Example 2 (Reference) Preparation of an Organohydrogensiloxane Having atLeast Two SiH Containing Cyclosiloxane Rings

Organohydrogensiloxanes illustrative as a part of component A) wereprepared from MeH CYCLICS and VINYL SILOXANE #2. Theorganohydrogensiloxane intermediates were made to about 50 wt. % in D5fluid, IDNP (isodecyl neopentanoate), and IDD (isododecane),respectively. The details of these organohydrogensiloxanes are shown inthe following table

TABLE Composition of 100 dp organohydrogensiloxane Example # 2A 2B 2CSiH:Vi ratio 3.42 3.42 3.42 Compound B M^(hex)D₁₀₀M^(hex)M^(hex)D₁₀₀M^(hex) M^(hex)D₁₀₀M^(hex) VINYL VINYL VINYL SILOXANE #2SILOXANE #2 SILOXANE #2 % Component 50.0 50.0 50.0 A in mixture Carrierfluid type D5 fluid Isodecyl Isododecane Neopentanoate Wt. % H,theoretical 0.0289 0.0289 0.0289 Actual amount MeH CYCLICS, g 14.7914.79 14.790 M^(hex)D₁₀₀M^(hex) VINYL 285.23 285.22 285.36 SILOXANE #2,g D5 fluid, g 300.00 Isodecyl Neopentanoate 300.04 (IDNP), g Isododecane(IDD), g 300.0 Sly-Off 4000 catalyst 0.35 0.35 0.35 Stabilizer (VAP/BHT@ 4.0 3.1 3.10 98.5/1.5 w/w), g Total Batch, g 604.37 603.50 603.61Mixture appearance Clear, slightly Clear yellowish Clear, slightlyyellowish mixture mixture yellow mixture

These organohydrogensiloxanes were made by charging MeH CYCLICS, VINYLSILOXANE #7, and the corresponding carrier fluid into a reaction flask,mixed to homogeneous. Then the mixture was catalyzed with 3-5 ppm of Pt(Sly-Off 4000 Pt catalyst solution containing 0.52 wt % Pt). The mixturewas heated to 50° C. to causing an exothermic hydrosilylation reactionto occur, the temperature was then maintained between 50 and 70° C. for3 hours. Then, 0.5 to 0.75% of VAP/BHT (vitamin A palmitate andbutylated hydroxytoluene) stabilizer was incorporated once the reactionmixture cooled to below 40° C.

Example 3 Preparations of Siloxane Resin Polyether Gels

Anhydrous silicone polyether gels were made by reacting with ahydrophobic polyether such as α,ω-bisallyl polypropylene oxide (PO)polyether or α,ω-bis(methy)allyl polypropylene oxide (PO) polyether withSiH-functional siloxane resin in a cosmetic fluid in the presence of aPt catalyst. The reaction product was a clear solid gel. The reactionbetween the siloxane resin and the diallyl PO polyethers is aquantitative, fast addition reaction. Silicone gels of desirablepolyether content may be prepared by using polyether of appropriatemolecular weight. To illustrate, polyethers were procured from NOFCorporation (Japan) for this study.

Silicone organic elastomer gels having different % organic content byweight in the gel network are conveniently prepared. Illustrated in thefollowing are gels having as high as about 80% hydrophobic polyether.The elastomer gel without hydrophobic polyether organic is included asreference.

Example # 3A 3B 3C 3D Component A: M^(H)T^(Pr) resin 1 M^(H)T^(Pr) resin1 M^(H)T^(Pr) resin 1 M^(H)T^(Pr) resin 1 SiH resin type Component B:Polycerin Polycerin Polycerin VINYL DMUS-80 DMUS-80 DMUS-80 SILOXANE #3MPO20 MPO20 and MPO20 and VINL VINYL SILOXANE #3 SILOXANE #3 Wt. %Organics 79.8 40.1 30.6 0.0 in gel network Carrier fluid type IHD IHDIHD IHD SiH:Vi ratio 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 Actual amount M^(H)T^(Pr) resin1 2.747 1.627 1.358 0.491 Polycerin DMUS-80, g 10.855 5.463 4.176 VINYLSILOXANE #3, g 6.519 8.082 13.161 IHD (Permethyl 101A), g 66.630 66.47166.418 66.469 Syl-Off 4000, g 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 Total Batch, g 80.2780.12 80.07 80.16 Gel appearance Clear, colorless Clear, colorlessClear, colorless Clear, colorless firm gel firm gel firm gel firm gelTexture analyzer, force 1, g 148.9 152.7 140.4 107.4 Texture analyzer,force- 832.8 829.9 766.8 590.0 time 1-2, g Gel hardness 11,525 11,81910,867 8,313 (as compression strength), N/m2 Viscosity of gel, N · s/m264,460 64,236 59,352 45,667 or poise (dyne · s/cm2)

Example 4 Preparations of Siloxane Resin Polyether Gels

Silicone organic elastomer gels in different cosmetic fluids areconveniently prepared. Illustrated in the following are elastomer gelsin Dow Corning 245 Fluid volatile silicone cyclics, Dow Corning 2-1184Fluid (linear silicones of low viscosity), isododecane (IDD), andisodecyl neopentanoate (IDNP) organic ester solvent, all gels containabout 30% hydrophobic polyether.

Example # 4A 4B 4C 4D Component A: M^(H)T^(Pr) resin 1 M^(H)T^(Pr) resin1 M^(H)T^(Pr) resin 1 M^(H)T^(Pr) resin 1 SiH type Component B:Polycerin Polycerin Polycerin Polycerin olefinic type DMUS-80 DMUS-80DMUS-80 DMUS-80 MPO20 and MPO20 and MPO20 and MPO20 and VINYL VINYLVINYL VINYL SILOXANE #2 SILOXANE #2 SILOXANE #2 SILOXANE #2 Wt. %Organics in gel 30.5 30.5 30.5 30.5 Carrier fluid type 245 Fluid 2-1184Fluid IDD IDNP SiH:Vi ratio 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 Actual amountM^(H)T^(Pr) resin 1, g 1.412 1.412 1.414 1.412 Polycerin DMUS-80 4.1484.160 4.211 4.172 MPO20, g VINYL SILOXNE #2, g 8.042 8.053 8.062 8.062245 Fluid, g 66.40 2-1184 Fluid, g 66.44 IDD (Permethyl 99A), g 66.49Ceraphyl SLK (IDNP), g 66.79 Syl-Off 4000, g 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 TotalBatch, g 80.06 80.12 80.23 80.49 Gel appearance Clear, firm gel Clear,firm gel Clear, firm gel Clear, firm gel Texture analyzer, force 1, g162.6 106.3 88.2 104.8 Texture analyzer, force- 871.2 576.9 484.8 565.4time 1-2, g Gel hardness 12,586 8,228 6,827 8,112 (as compressionstrength), N/m2 Viscosity of gel, N · s/m2 67,432 44,653 37,524 43,763or poise (dyne · s/cm2)

Example 5 Preparations of Siloxane Resin Polyether Gel Blends or Pastes

Silicone polyether elastomer blend in cosmetic fluids can be preparedfrom silicone polyether gels, according to this invention. To makesilicone polyether elastomer blend, a silicone polyether gel of knowninitial elastomer content (IEC) is first prepared following theprocedure shown above. The silicone polyether gel is then mechanicallysheared or ground into small particle sizes, followed by furtherdilution with a cosmetic fluid to desired final elastomer content (FEC).The finished elastomer blend is an anhydrous dispersion of SPE gelparticles of finite size swollen and suspended in cosmetic fluid. TheSPE elastomer blend is clear and has a paste-like consistency.

Siloxane-organic elastomer blends where the organic part is ahydrophobic polyether type are prepared. They can be prepared in twosteps with the step one being the formation of gels, and the step twobeing the reduction of gels into small particle sizes and furtherdiluted in a solvent of choice. The final SOEB is a homogeneous blend ofsiloxane resin hydrocarbon gels swollen in the solvent and with a pastelike consistency. Examples of the SOEBs of 40%, 30% and 0% organiccontent on the gel network prepared by this two step process areillustrated below.

Example # 5A 5B 5C Actual composition: Si resin gel used Example 3BExample 3C Example 3D Si resin gel, g 79.66 79.77 79.46 Permethyl 101A25.96 26.22 37.02 (IHD), g Total Batch, g 105.62 105.99 116.48 % FEC inSEB 12.8% 12.8% 11.6% SEB initial property: date taken SEB appearanceClear paste Almost Slightly clear paste hazy paste General Smooth, silkySmooth, silky Smooth, silky sensory feel feel on skin feel on skin feelon skin Viscosity, cps 228,187 359,557 603,660

Example 6 Preparations of Siloxane Resin Polyether Gel Blends or Pastes

Siloxane-organic elastomer blends where the organic part is ahydrophobic polyether type are prepared. They can be prepared in twosteps with the step one being the formation of gels, and the step twobeing the reduction of gels into small particle sizes and furtherdiluted in a solvent of choice. The final SOEB is a homogeneous blend ofsiloxane resin hydrocarbon gels swollen in the solvent and with a pastelike consistency. Examples of the SOEB prepared by this two step processare illustrated below.

Example # 6A 6B 6C 6D Wt. % Organics in gel 30.5 30.5 30.5 30.5Formulation Gel Example # 4A 4B 4C 4D Amount Gel, g 65.52 69.24 66.5464.34 245 Fluid, g 43.05 2-1184 Fluid, g 17.83 isododecane (IDD), g31.23 Ceraphyl SLK (IDNP), g 44.19 Total Batch, g 108.86 87.37 98.05108.93 % FEC 10.26 13.49 11.57 10.08 SEB appearance slightly hazy,slightly hazy, clear, colorless clear, colorless colorless pastecolorless paste paste paste Average viscosity, cps 194,519 275,081244,732 175,651

Alternatively, siloxane-organic elastomer blends may be prepared usingother processing methods and equipments such that the gellation and sizereduction may occur simultaneously or sequentially to result in the samefinal elastomer blend. The final SOEB is a homogeneous blend of siloxaneresin hydrocarbon gels swollen in the solvent and with a paste likeconsistency.

Example 7 Preparations of Siloxane Resin Hydrocarbon Gels

Ricon 130 was used to react with M^(H)T^(Pr) resin 1 to form a siloxaneresin and hydrocarbon network where the SiH of siloxane resin reactswith the 1,2-vinyl of PBD polymer, in the presence of a carrier fluid.The elastomer gels formed had excellent gel hardness, good clarity, andexcellent processibility.

Examples of siloxane resin—hydrocarbon elastomers prepared from PBD areshown below.

Example # 7A 7B 7C 7D Component A: M^(H)T^(Pr) resin 1 M^(H)T^(Pr) resin1 M^(H)T^(Pr) resin 1 M^(H)T^(Pr) resin 1 SiH type and SiH and SiHsiloxane siloxane Ex 2 Ex 2 Component B: Ricon 130 PBD Ricon 130 PBDRicon 130 PBD Ricon 130 PBD olefinic type Wt. % Organics 62.6 66.8 38.842.1 in gel Carrier fluid type IDD IDD IDD IDD SiH:Vi ratio 0.30 0.250.30 0.25 Actual amount M^(H)T^(Pr) resin 1, g 5.08 4.51 2.54 2.26 SiHsiloxane from Ex 2 in none 11.57 11.23 IDD (50% conc.), g Ricon 130 PBD,g 8.52 9.09 5.28 5.74 IDD (Permethyl 99A), g 66.82 66.53 60.83 60.88Syl-Off 4000, g 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 Total Batch, g 80.49 80.20 80.2980.18 Appearance of reacted mixture Slightly hazy, Slightly hazy, Clear,hard gel; cooled Clear, hard gel; cooled hard gel hard gel, to slightlyhazy to slightly hazy Texture analyzer, force 1, g 561.0 380.2 199.7147.4 Texture analyzer, force- 2898.0 1984.8 1071.6 799.9 time 1-2, gGel hardness 43,422 29,428 15,457 11,409 (as compression strength), N/m2Viscosity of gel, N · s/m2 224,310 153,627 82,944 61,914 or poise (dyne· s/cm2)

Example 8 Preparations of Siloxane Resin Hydrocarbon Gel Blends orPastes

Siloxane-organic elastomer blends where the organic part is ahydrocarbon type are prepared. They can be prepared in two steps withthe step one being the formation of gels, and the step two being thereduction of gels into small particle sizes and further diluted in asolvent of choice. The final SOEB is a homogeneous blend of siloxaneresin hydrocarbon gels swollen in the solvent and with a paste likeconsistency. Examples of the SOEB prepared by this two step process areillustrated below.

Example # 8A 8B Wt. % Organics in gel 38.8 42.1 Formulation Staring gelExample # 7C 7D Amount gel, g 65.34 64.26 Isododecane, g 24.65 26.00Total Batch, g 89.99 90.26 % FEC 12.3 12.1 SEB appearance Hazy pasteHazy paste Average viscosity, cps 220,860 262,647

Alternatively, siloxane-organic elastomer blends may be prepared usingother processing methods and equipments such that the gellation and sizereduction may occur simultaneously or sequentially to result in the samefinal elastomer blend. The final SOEB is a homogeneous blend of siloxaneresin hydrocarbon gels swollen in the solvent and with a paste likeconsistency.

Example 9 Preparations of Siloxane Resin Polyether Gels

Other SiH containing siloxane resins may also be used to preparedsilicone organic elatomer gels and silicone organic elastomer blendssubsequently. One such siloxane resin is M^(H)DT^(Pr) resin 2. Otherfunctionalities such as alkoxysilyl groups (e.g. methoxysilyl,ethoxysilyl) may be present in the SiH functional siloxane resins.

Silicone organic elastomer gels having different % organic content byweight in the gel network are conveniently prepared. Illustrated in thefollowing are gels having about 40% and 30% hydrophobic polyether. Theelastomer gel without hydrophobic polyether organic is included asreference.

Example # 9A 9B 9C Component A: SiH type M^(H)T^(Pr) resin 2 M^(H)T^(Pr)resin 2 M^(H)T^(Pr) resin 2 Component B: Polycerin DMUS-80 PolycerinDMUS-80 VINYL unsaturated olefin type MPO20 MPO20 and VINYL SILOXANE #3SILOXANE #3 Wt. % Organics in gel 40.3 30.5 0.0 Carrier fluid type IHDIHD IHD SiH:Vi ratio 0.90 0.90 0.90 Actual amount M^(H)T^(Pr) resin 21.95 1.69 0.57 Polycerin DMUS-80 6.24 4.71 MPO20, g VINYL SILOXANE #37.17 9.05 14.79 (2-7891LV), g IHD (Permethyl 101A), g 75.10 74.67 74.65Syl-Off 4000, g 0.05 0.07 0.07 Total Batch, g 90.50 90.19 90.08 Gelappearance Clear firm gel Clear firm gel Clear firm gel Textureanalyzer, force 1, g 136.2 188.0 164.9 Texture analyzer, force- 742.21015.7 893.3 time 1-2, g Gel hardness 10,542 14,552 12,764 (ascompression strength), N/m2 Viscosity of gel, N · s/m2 57,448 78,61769,143 or poise (dyne · s/cm2)

Example 10 Preparations of Siloxane Resin Polyether Gel Blends or Pastes

Siloxane-organic elastomer blends where the organic part is ahydrophobic polyether type are prepared. They can be prepared in twosteps with the step one being the formation of gels, and the step twobeing the reduction of gels into small particle sizes and furtherdiluted in a solvent of choice. The final SOEB is a homogeneous blend ofsiloxane resin hydrocarbon gels swollen in the solvent and with a pastelike consistency. Examples of the SOEBs of 40%, 30% and 0% organiccontent on the gel network prepared by this two step process areillustrated below.

Example # 10A 10B 10C Actual composition: Si resin-PO gel 9A 9B 9CExample # used Gel description M^(H)T^(Pr) resin 2 - M^(H)T^(Pr) resin 2M^(H)T^(Pr) resin 2 MPO20 gel in IHD; MPO20/Si gel in IHD; Si gel inIHD; 40.3% organics. 30.5% organics. 0% organics. Si resin-PO gel, g63.68 64.41 63.87 Permethyl 101A 26.51 28.86 42.70 (IHD), g Total Batch,g 90.19 93.27 106.57 SEB initial property SEB appearance Clear, SlightlyHazy paste colorless paste hazy paste General sensory feel Thick, butThick, but Very smooth, turned silky turned silky silky smooth on skinsmooth on skin Viscosity, cps 160,894 194,911 322,570

Example 11 Preparations of Siloxane Resin Polyether Gel Blends or Pastes

Other SiH containing siloxane resins may also be used to preparedsilicone organic elatomer gels and silicone organic elastomer blendssubsequently. One such siloxane resin is M^(H)MQ resin. Otherfunctionalities such as alkoxysilyl groups (e.g. methoxysilyl,ethoxysilyl) may be present in the SiH functional siloxane resins.

Silicone organic elastomer gels having different % organic content byweight in the gel network are conveniently prepared. Illustrated in thefollowing are gels having about 40% and 30% hydrophobic polyether. Theelastomer gel without hydrophobic polyether organic is included asreference.

Example # 11A 11B 11C Component A: MM^(H)Q resin MM^(H)Q resin MM^(H)Qresin SiH Type (M_(0.413)M^(H) _(0.090)Q_(0.497); (M_(0.413)M^(H)_(0.090)Q_(0.497); (M_(0.413)M^(H) _(0.090)Q_(0.497); 49% conc in IHD)49% conc in IHD) 49% conc in IHD) Component B: Polycerin MDUS-80Polycerin MDUS-80 Polycerin MDUS-80 unsaturated compound MPO20 MPO20MPO20 Wt. % Organics in gel 34.6 32.3 29.5 Carrier fluid type IHD IHDIHD SiH:Vi ratio 1.50 1.70 2.20 Actual amount MM^(H)Q resin 14.94 15.7816.748 (49% conc in IHD), g Polycerin DMUS-80 MPO20, g 4.70 4.42 3.626VINYL SILOXANE #2, g 1.59 1.47 0.452 IHD (Permethyl 101A), g 58.86 58.3951.440 Syl-Off 4000, g 0.16 0.16 0.100 Total Batch, g 80.25 80.22 72.366Gel appearance Clear soft gel Clear soft gel Clear, moderate firm gelTexture analyzer, force 1, g 16.9 34.7 31.4 Texture analyzer, force-100.6 196.0 177.7 time 1-2, g Gel hardness 1,308 2,686 2,433 (ascompression strength), N/m2 Viscosity of gel, N · s/m2 7,787 15,17113,754 or poise (dyne · s/cm2)

Example 12 Preparation of Silicone Organic Elastomer Blends for OrganicCompatibility Study

Siloxane-organic elastomer blends where the organic part is ahydrophobic polyether type are prepared. They may be prepared using onedirect process, as described before. Alternatively, they can be preparedin two steps with the step one being the formation of gels, and the steptwo being the reduction of gels into small particle sizes and furtherdiluted in a solvent of choice. The final SOEB is a homogeneous blend ofsiloxane resin hydrocarbon gels swollen in the solvent and with a pastelike consistency. One example of such SOEB is prepared. The gelcomposition and the SOEB derived from it are shown in the following twotables.

Example # 12A Component A: M^(H)T^(Pr) resin 1 SiH resin type ComponentB: Polycerin DMUS-80 MPO20 and VINYL SILOXANE #2 Wt. % Organics in gel30.5 Carrier fluid type IHD SiH:Vi ratio 0.90 Actual amount M^(H)T^(Pr)resin 1, g 4.41 Polycerin DMUS-80 MPO20, g 12.97 VINYL SILOXANE #2, g25.13 IHD (Permethyl 101A), g 207.54 Syl-Off 4000, g 0.12 Total Batch, g250.18 Gel appearance slightly yellow firm gel Texture analyzer, force1, g 75.7 Texture analyzer, force- 418.3 time 1-2, g Gel hardness 5,859(as compression strength), N/m2 Viscosity of gel, N · s/m2 32,377 orpoise (dyne · s/cm2) 12B SOEB description Siloxane resin and MPO20 SOEBin IHD @ 13.4% FEC. 30% Organics Actual composition: Si resin-MPO gelused Example 12A Gel description M^(H)T^(Pr) resin 1 and MPO20/Si gel inIHD; 30.6% organics. Si resin-MPO gel, g 160.94 Permethyl 101A (IHD), g42.24 Total Batch, g 203.18 % FEC in SEB 13.5% SEB initial property SEBappearance Clear paste General sensory feel Initially slightly heavy,turned silky, smooth on skin Viscosity, cps 389,328

Example 13 (Comparative) Compatibility of the Siloxane Organic ElastomerBlends

To demonstrate the improved compatibility of the SOEB of this inventionwith common personal care ingredients, The SOEB is mixed with theselected personal care ingredient at a 75/25 wt ratio (except vitamin Apalmitate). The mixtures are evaluated and ranked according to the keysin the footnote of the following table. A commercial silicone elastomerblend (SEB) from Dow Corning was used as reference. The results areshown below.

Silicone Elastomer Type Gel made in Example Dow Corning 9040 12B SEBSEB/SOEB M^(H)T^(Pr) resin 1 and 12.5% FEC in 245 description MPO20 SOEBat 13.4% Fluid; 3% organics FEC in IHD; 30% organics. % Organics in 30 3elastomer gel network SEB appearance Clear paste Clear paste EthylhexylSunscreen H-1-1 H-2-5 Methoxycinnamate UVB (OMC), 25% Octyl salicylate,Sunscreen H-1-1 H-2-4 25% UVB Vitamin A vitamin H-1-1 H-1-4 Palmitate,10% EtOH, 200 proof, Solvent H-1-1 N-3-4 25% C12-C15 Alkyl Emollient,H-1-1 H-3-4 benzoate, 25% ester PPG-15 Stearyl alkoxylated H-2-2 H-3-4ether, 25% alcohol Caprylic/Capric fats & oils H-1-1 H-3-4 triglyceride,25% Squalane, 25% hydrocarbons H-3-3 H-3-3 Petrolatum, 25% hydrocarbonsH-3-5 H-3-5 RATING Keys: Clear First key: Mixture appearance? H =Homogeneous; N = Not Homogeneous Second key: mixture viscosity: 1 =Paste; 2 = Viscous; 3 = Liquid. Third key: Clarity: 1 = Clear. 2 =Almost clear. 3 = Hazy. 4 = Hazy/cloudy. 5 = Cloudy

Significantly better compatibility with personal care ingredients areshown for the SOEB, as compared to the conventional SEB in all threekeys: the mixture of SOEB with selected personal care ingredients (EtOHethanol, C12-C15 alkyl benzoate, Caprylic/carpric triglyceride). Most ofthe SOEB/ingredient mixture are much more viscous than the 9040SEB/ingredient counterpart, another indication of better compatibilityand thickening benefit. And lastly, better clarity was found in many ofthe SOEB/ingredient mixtures.

The invention claimed is:
 1. A gel composition comprising: a silicone elastomer from the reaction of; A) an SiH containing MQ resin comprising the formula (Me₂HSiO_(1/2))_(a)(Me₃SiO_(1/2))_(b)(SiO_(4/2))_(e) where a is greater than 0 b is from 0 to 0.8 e is 0 to 0.9,  with the provisos that the sum of a, b, and e is at least 0.95 and e is greater than 0, Me is methyl, B) an organic compound having at least two aliphatic unsaturated groups in its molecule selected from H₂C═CHCH₂O[C₃H₆O]_(g)CH₂CH═CH₂, H₂C═CHO[C₃H₆O]_(g)CH═CH₂, HC≡CCH₃O[C₃H₆O]_(g)CH₂C≡CH₂ HC≡CC(CH₃)₂O[C₃H₆O]_(g)C(CH₃)₂C≡CH, or H₂C═C(CH₃)CH₂O[C₃H₆O]_(g)CH₂C(CH₃)═CH₂, where g is greater than 2, and C) a hydrosilylation catalyst, and; D) a carrier fluid selected from isododecane, isohexyldecane, or isodecyl neopentanoate, E) an optional personal or healthcare active, wherein the gel composition has a hardness of at least 0.03 Newton force.
 2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the molar ratio of A)/B) is from 10/1 to 1/10.
 3. The composition of claim 1 wherein E) is a personal care active selected from a vitamin, sunscreen, plant extract, or fragrance.
 4. The composition of claim 1 wherein E) is a health care active selected from a topical drug active, protein, enzyme, antifugual, or antimicrobial agent. 